Here is a reprint of a review of the Icom IC-228H posted August 1988.
Since that time, I have enjoyed using the 228H daily without trouble,
and the older IC-28A still works flawlessly.  Icom just introduced
the IC-229, a smaller version of the IC-228, so you can probably
get a 228 at a reduced price.


	  PRODUCT REVIEW: ICOM IC-228H 2M TRANSCEIVER

		      by Bob Parnass, AJ9S

  My Icom IC28A	performed very well, and giving	it to my  wife
  afforded me the opportunity to buy another 2 meter radio.

  What do I look for  in  a  2	meter  transceiver?   Being  a
  scanner  enthusiast,	I  look	for wide frequency coverage on
  receive, and reasonable  scanning  facilities.   Reliability
  and  ease  of	 obtaining schematics and parts	are important,
  and Icom, Kenwood, and Yaesu score well here.

  I prefer 25 watt radios to 45	watt radios for	a few reasons:

    1.	I believe manufacturers	overrate  their	 transmitters'
	power  specifications.	Most models use	hybrid modules
	for the	driver/final amplifier stage.  As a recent QEX
	article	 points	out, the hybrid	modules	are only 25% -
	50% efficient, which means the bulk of	the  power  is
	dissipated in the form of heat.1

	The heat sinks on today's  radios  are	just  not  big
	enough	to dissipate the kind of heat developed	during
	my typical QSO (conversation).	The heat  sink	on  my
	old  25	watt Motorola MetrumTM never got nearly	as hot
	at the heat sinks  on  late  model  25	watt  Japanese
	radios.	  My  25 watt Kenwood TR-7800 and IC28A	became
	very hot during	QSOs.  Pity those who bought Kenwood's
	"45  watt"  TM-221A  transceiver.  It's	not until they
	read the owner's  manual  that	they  learned  Kenwood
	recommends against transmitting	for more than 1	minute
	out of 3.

	Heat shortens the already finite life  of  the	hybrid
	modules, and I've been forced to replace these modules
	on various radios, to the tune of over $55 apiece (not
	including my labor).

    2.	It's easier to find power supplies for 25 watt radios,
	because	they require only 6 - 7	amperes, versus	9 - 10
	amperes	for their 45 watt counterparts.	  The  smaller
	power  supplies	 are  less expensive and are easier to
	find surplus.

    3.	Signals	from 25	watt transmitters are almost as	strong
	as those from 45 watt radios.

  The IC228A/H series is Icom's	replacement  for  the  IC28A/H
  two  meter  radios.  The tradition of	offering two models at
  different transmitter	power levels continues,	 with  the  25
  watt IC228A and 45 watt IC228H.

  The IC228 contains a single VFO,  and	 20  memory  channels.
  All  the memory channels behave the same, as contrasted with
  some Kenwood designs which limit the flexibility of  certain
  memory  channels,  while  permitting special operations with
  others.  Each	IC228 memory channel can  store	 receive  fre-
  quency, CTCSS	tone, transmit frequency offset, and scan list
  lockout.

  Unlike Yaesu radios, the IC228 comes equipped	 with  a  syn-
  thesized CTCSS (PLTM)	tone encoder, which is almost a	neces-
  sity for using repeaters in the Chicagoland area.   Any  one
  of 32	tone frequencies can be	selected from the front	panel,
  and associated with a	memory channel or VFO.

  Repeater offsets are selectable from 5 KHz through  10  MHz,
  and can be stored in memory.	You could conceivably store 20
  different repeater frequencies in the	 IC228,	 each  with  a
  different offset and tone.

  I wanted the 25 watt IC228A, but  only  IC228H  models  were
  available  at	 the  time.  I'm glad I	bought the IC228H high
  power	model, because an internal potentiometer made it  easy
  to  reduce power output from 45 watts	down to	25 watts.  The
  large	heat sink affords  extra  cooling  capacity,  and  the
  final	 amplifier should last longer.	Even so, the heat sink
  becomes too hot to hold during a moderately long QSO!	  Heat
  is  eventually  transferred from the heat sink to the	entire
  radio	case, making the entire	radio "untouchable."

  The major changes in IC228 circuitry from  the  IC28	design
  involve the microprocessor.  The RF circuits remain similar,
  using	the same transistor lineup in the  transmitter	stages
  and  the  now	 familiar  Motorola MC3357 IF detector/squelch
  chip popular in scanners.

  Icom took cues from the Kenwood TM2530 series	to improve the
  LCD  display panel and make the front	panel controls visible
  in the dark.	The display on the IC228 makes use of  colored
  backgrounds  for  various fields, and	is easier to read than
  the display in the IC28.

  Unlike the IC28, the IC228 emits a beep tone each time a key
  is depressed.	 Although some people find this	feature	annoy-
  ing in walkie-talkies, the beeps make	it more	convenient  to
  operate the IC228 while driving.  Icom recognizes freedom of
  choice, and permits the user to disable the beep.

  The volume, squelch, and tuning knobs, as  well  as  several
  buttons,  are	 now  backlit  - an improvement	over the IC28.
  The IC28 contained a photocell  which	 automatically	varied
  the  LCD  backlighting  with	changing ambient light levels,
  however the newer IC228 permits the user to  select  from  4
  fixed	levels of backlighting.

  There	is no free lunch, and Icom fans	had to give  up	 some-
  thing	 in  exchange  for  the	 new control backlighting: the
  plastic front	panel and tuning knob on IC228 feel  chintzier
  than the metal panel and rubber padded knob on the IC28.

  Another new feature is a "lock" pushbutton,  which  disables
  the  radio's	front panel controls.  I haven't found this as
  useful as the	lock slide switch on the DTMF  up/down	micro-
  phone.   The	up/down	 pushbuttons  on the microphone	can be
  bumped accidentally in the mobile environment, and the slide
  switch prevents unplanned frequency changes.

  The IC228's scanning features	are on par with,  or  slightly
  above	 those	of other 2 meter transceivers, but not as well
  implemented as in "real" scanners.  The IC228	scans  at  the
  same	speed  as the 28 - rather slowly.  A reasonable	memory
  scan,	 with  channel	lockout,  is  provided.	  This	is  an
  improvement  over  the  early	 Kenwood  TH-215 walkie-talkie
  memory scan, which lacked a  lockout	feature,  so  one  was
  forced to scan ALL channels.2

  The timer operated scanning in the IC228 causes the radio to
  resume  scanning 2 seconds after the carrier drops, or after
  15 seconds  -	whichever occurs first.	  Too  bad  the	 IC228
  lacks	 a carrier operated mode, like the feature in the Ken-
  wood TM2530, so the receiver would "stay put"	until the car-
  rier drops.

  The IC228 includes the ability to search between 2 frequency
  limits, and users of the American versions can select	tuning
  steps	of 5 KHz or more.  The search  limits  are  programmed
  into	a  special  register pair, so they don't tie up	memory
  channels.  The search	will pause  as	soon  as  the  squelch
  opens,  which	 usually brings	the receiver to	a halt off the
  center of the	station	you want to hear.  Unfortunately, Icom
  didn't   adopt   the	Kenwood	 "center  tuning"  or  Bearcat
  ZeromaticTM feature, which  forces  the  searching  to  stop
  right	 on the	center frequency.  The Bearcat window detector
  circuit employs operational amplifiers, fed by the discrimi-
  nator	signal,	to generate a logic level when the receiver is
  tuned	within 2.5 KHz of center frequency.

  When the IC28	was first  introduced,	it  was	 offered  with
  either  the  standard	 or DTMF microphones, at two different
  prices.  Apparently, most people wanted DTMF	mikes,	and  a
  DTMF microphone is provided with the IC228.

  Except for the high heat sink	temperatures, the  IC228  per-
  formed  well	during	a recent cross country trip.  With the
  radio	bolted to the center console of	my truck, the receiver
  audio	 output	 was  ample,  the display easy to read day and
  night, and stations in Pennsylvania  and  Ohio  praised  the
  transmitted audio quality.

  I'm pleased with the IC228, and recommend it.

  __________

   1. See "RF Hybrid Modules: Building with Bricks," by	Bill
      Olson W3HQR, in July 1988	QEX.

   2. Late vintage Kenwood TH-215 walkie-talkies now come with
      upgraded firmware	which permits channel lockout.	A new
      CPU chip may be retrofitted into earlier units, but
      Kenwood charges for this service.

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